transgender
used to describe a person who has had surgery to change their body so it matches their gender: 变性人
After her sex change operation, she made history by becoming the first transsexual woman to compete in the tournament.

Note:

The word transsexual is not as common now as it used to be, and it can be offensive to some people. Only use this word to describe someone if they use it to describe themselves.
The episode starred a transsexual actress.
Paul, a transsexual man, felt forced to leave his employment.
The show first introduced a transsexual character in 1994.

Related word

transsexuality
transsexual
noun[ C ]
 offensiveuk /trænzˈsek.ʃu.əl/ us /trænzˈsek.ʃu.əl/
a transsexual person

Note:

Except when used in older scientific or technical writing, the noun transsexual is now considered offensive by many people.